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Farming for Biodiversity

Srum Agroecología

Santo Domingo, Costa Rica
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An Overview Of Our Solution

Costa Rica is a world champion in chemo-pesticide use in agriculture. Local farmers are using up to 23 kg of active ingredient per ha annually (WRI, 2010), this resulting in soil degradation, water pollution, removal of pollinators and natural enemies and wildlife, and pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. The solution is a shift in agriculture and food production by means of environmental friendly soil enhancement and pest control methodologies as substitutes for chemical pesticides and fertilizers. Since other initiatives are covering some aspects of this necessary shift, we are promoting the empowerment of farmers in insect biology and conservation biological control through training workshops and research, and the promotion of natural enemies in the crop fields. 180 farmers and technical personnel have been reached so far.
Who is this solution impacting?
Community Type
Rural
Rural
Additional Information
  • Population Impacted:
  • Continent: North America
General Information

Organization type

Other
Ecosystem (select all that apply)
Forests
Forests
Oceans
Oceans/Coasts

Population impacted

ex. 500 people
Challenge

Size of agricultural area

about 100 ha

Production quantity

ex. 100 kilos

People employed

ex. 8 people
Solution

Describe your solution

Our approach is to empower farmers with the needed knowledge on insect behavior, morphology and taxonomy, so they can observe and learn about their biology, life stages and ecology, been able to identify those that are damaging the crop and those that are beneficial: predators, parasitoids and pollinators, and to learn how to promote and conserve them. This result and less labor, and expenditure, and more important an environmental friendly and sustainable production, avoiding water pollution, conserving biodiversity and producing healthy food. We are working with farmers and organic agriculture students, along with government agencies and an agriculture school, doing research and giving training courses on basic entomology and promotion of natural enemies and pollinators. We started an insect collection of insects associated to crops. We have a Facebook page to share information about this issues, organizing workshops to farmers and general public. We are finishing a guide book on insects of importance in agriculture
Implementation

Describe your implementation

Education and training is our approach, so we organize training courses in which the farmers and agriculture students learn about entomology and how to observe, take samples and find and apply information about the insects in their farm. We are encouraging and involving the farmers and students in the building of a national reference collection on insects associated to crops, and sharing information among them and their families and communities. We are working with a national organic agriculture school, we trained their trainers and technicians in entomology, collection management and databasing, and we are using their facilities to do research involving their students and promoting the participation of students from other universities (biology, agriculture and natural resources management students). We work with the National Program on Organic Agriculture and the Costa Rican Movement of Organic Agriculture, as partners for the training courses. The main obstacles we are facing are the slow pace of public agencies and shortage of funding that prevent us to advance at a higher rate, reaching farmers in the whole country and even in the Central American region.

External connections

Ministry of Agriculture, in particular the National Program in Organic Agriculture, main authority and a source of funding Costa Rican Movement of Organic Agriculture, the main farmer's organization in the organic crop sector National Center for Organic Agriculture, the only and most advance school on organic agriculture and agroecology, a branch of the National Learning Institute. Organic farming and agroecology is a growing practice in Costa Rica, based on the awareness of the population regarding pesticide residues in food, water pollution, human health risk and promotion of health habits. This is been promoted among traditional farmers to encourage them and to demonstrate to them that sustainable practices are economically and environmentally feasible.
Results

What is the environmental or ecological challenge you are targeting with your solution?

Prolonged abusive use of chemical pesticides in mono-cultures, along with bad practices like removal of the so called weeds and wrong pest control strategies has resulted in an increased damage to biodiversity, water bodies’ pollution and serious health risk for farm workers and consumers. Pollinators and natural enemies are among the most affected non-target organisms in heavy fumigated agro-ecosystems. As a result, their valuable services are been reduced or eliminated. A shared common trait among farmers and most technical staff is a very limited or absent knowledge of insect behavior, morphology and taxonomy. Very often insects are perceived as pest or nuisance that need to be removed. This prevent the farmers taking advantage of beneficial insects and then keeping their dependence on chemical control of pests.

Describe the context in which you are operating

We are working with farmers and organic agriculture students, along with government agencies and an agriculture school, doing research and giving training courses on basic entomology and promotion of natural enemies and pollinators. We started an insect collection of insects associated to crops. We have a Facebook page to share information about this issues, organizing workshops to farmers and general public. We are finishing a guide book on insects of importance in agriculture
http://semanariouniversidad.ucr.cr/pais/costa-rica-es-el-consumidor-mas…
http://www.ticotimes.net/2015/06/07/costa-rica-consumes-agrochemicals-p…

How did you impact natural resource use and greenhouse gas emissions?

The inclusion of good practices in conservation biological control at the farms is and will impact the environment, conserving beneficial insects, improving the habitat and avoiding water pollution, and producing a healthier food. Our project start recently so we still do not have clear results, but it is clear that our approach will result, in the short run, in a generation of conscious and well prepared farmers that will contribute to their practices and knowledge to enlarge and maintain this movement moving, reaching and incorporating more farmers, urban gardeners and families.

Language(s)

Spanish, English

Social/Community

This is a communitary, open sharing, endeavor. We promote collaboration among farmers, students, thecnical staff and researchers, to communally generate the needed knowledge to apply good and innovative practices that result in better and more efficient and environmenthal friendy agricultre practices

Water

Avoiding water pollution is one of the main results of substituing chemical pesticides in agricultre

Food Security/Nutrition

Heathy food, produced with a lower environmental impact by empowered farmers.

Economic/Sustainable Development

Living opportunities for country families and small farmers. Keeping the family toghether and sharing a bette life.

Climate

Promoting sustainable agriculture is promoting resilience and climate change adaptive behavior in rural and urban communities

Sustainability

It is a combination of public and private funding, specially at the initial phase, it depends heavily on public funding, specially in Costa Rica, which is a country no longer recipient of international development agencies funding. But local farmers organizations and public contributions are other ways of funding this endeavor, specially when the farmers start saving in pest control and gain more from their healthy crops. A sustainable farm can share their experience and get some extra funding from day visitors and events.

Return on investment

A great advantage of our approach is that its cost is very low and it can be implemented at a very basic level which can be augmented progressively. And the benefits can be obtain in the short term.

Entrant Image

MAZ tamaño pasaporte

Entrant Banner Image

CNEAO
Replication and Scale

How could we successfully replicate this solution elsewhere?

Training farmers in this approach is something that can be done elsewhere in the world. All we need is well prepared trainers and a pretty basic and low cost infrastructure. We are experienced in training locals to become biodiversity technicians in Costa Rica and have replicate this experience in West Africa (Benin).

YouTube URL

Curso de Insectos de Importancia en Agricultura Orgánica
Overview
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