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Farming for Biodiversity

Hope Agency for Relief and Development (HARD)

Wau, 南苏丹
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An Overview Of Our Solution

POTENTIALITY OF AGROFORESTRY IN ADDRESSING MAJOR NUTRITIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) has identified main constraints and existing opportunities as expressed by people of Western Bahr el Ghazal. It has built on the opportunities through stimulation of thoughts, analysis and needs to be adopted or elaborated by planning and assessment of situation. The guiding principles of SLA therefore are seven: People centered; Holistic; Dynamic; Build on the people’s strength; Promote micro-macro links; Sustainability and Broad partnership.
Who is this solution impacting?
Community Type
Rural
Rural
Additional Information
  • Population Impacted:
  • Continent: Africa
General Information

Organization type

非盈利
Ecosystem (select all that apply)
Deserts
Deserts
Forests
Forests
Grasslands
Grasslands

Population impacted

32,800 people
Challenge

Size of agricultural area

756 ha

Production quantity

2,150 kg

People employed

17 people
Solution

Describe your solution

According to the IPC classification, Western Bahr el Ghazal States including Raja and Wau counties were classified as stressed in September 2014. As food security is stressed the people were coping by limiting portions at meal time, restricting consumption among adults and reducing number of meals. Households spent 60% of income on food expenditure. The Food Security and Nutrition Monitoring (FSNM) report of 2103 and December 2014 further showed that 19% and 45% of households had sub-optimal food consumption scores respectively. This indicated deteriorating food consumption pattern and therefore increased food insecurity and malnutrition. In September 2014, Hope Agency for Relief and Development (HARD) developed a proposal based on the preliminary assessments. This proposal was then funded by Government of Federal Republic of Germany (BMZ) and targeted four districts (also Payams) in Raja. Project outputs/impact areas have since been: • Increased crop production among targeted households by supporting 1800 HHs with staple crop seed, donkey draught power, establishment of FFSs, Bulking sites and vegetable gardens • Increased HH incomes through alternative IGAs through support of 300 HHs with vegetable production kits, local chicken and goats • Climate smart production of small livestock and on farm water harvesting (conversion of blue water to green water)
Implementation

Describe your implementation

To increase crop production among targeted households, HARD has specifically done the following:- • 1,800 highly vulnerable HHs have been supported with staple crop seeds • 8 Farmer Field Schools (FFSs) successfully established as learning centers Under result area 2, the program has purposed to increase HH incomes through alternative income generating activities and increased dietary diversity among targeted HHs through: • 2 cassava bulking sites established • 1000 vulnerable HHs supported with local chicken and goats The above interventions were adopted and promoted change due to: • Enhanced and shared knowledge, skills and awareness among population on diversified agricultural practices / experience sharing among villages • Capacity building at institutional level • Local Community engagement through Beneficiary Selection Committees Enabling conditions: • Enough land available through community for farming • Close work with Relief and Rehabilitation Commission • Local staff engagement Key Success factors have been: • Joint and Contingency planning with stakeholders • Close collaboration with line ministries • Appropriate community entry strategy and awareness raising • Presence of NGO forums and security information agencies in the area Obstacles so far met and proposed solutions: • Prolonged climatic (drought) conditions – Closely worked with RRC and UN agencies • Civil insecurity and unstable macroeconomic environment –Non-partisan approach, coordination with security networks (NGO Forum, UNDSS), Staff briefed were trained on safety and security management, • Inter-communal conflicts (IDPs) –Community dialogues

External connections

1.European Union (EU) in Food security for rural smallholder farmers including tree nursery establishment with State Forestry department 2.World Bank in Food security including basic seed provision 3.Christian Aid in Peace Building 4.Cordaid in the Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction (CMDRR) 5.Caritas in peace building including provision of fishing gear 6.Johanniter International Assistance (JIA) addressing malnutrition among under five, CLTS 7.UNICEF in the Girl Child Education 8.UN HABITAT in road construction and WASH activities for returnees 9.UNOPS 10.UNDSS in security updates 11.UNHASS for air transport 12.WFP 13.FAO 14.State ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MoAAR), Health and Sanitation 15.Catholic Doicese of Wau 16.Maltesera Organization 17.People in Peril (PiP) 18.Women Development Group (WDG) in peace building through community dialogues 19.NEAT (National Effort for Agricultural Transformation) 20.National Agriculture and Livestock Extension Program (NALEP) 21.UNFCCC (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change) 22.IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)
Results

What is the environmental or ecological challenge you are targeting with your solution?

In the food, water and energy nexus; the adoption of agroforestry still faces major constraints in the Western Bahr el Ghazal of South Sudan;though classified as a triple-win practice by renowned strategic decision makers such as World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Food and Agricultural Organization of United Nations (FAO) to support food security and mitigate climate change. Besides reducing greenhouse gases, agroforestry systems also improve resilience to climate variability and extreme weather conditions in the tropics. The actual predominant focus on industrial agriculture rather than small rural households is a challenge for implementation of agroforestry as it usually favors monoculture and short term benefits.

Describe the context in which you are operating

South Sudan got her independence in July 2011 after long decades of war .The nation is still a very
fragile state with weak government institutions, high dependence on external aid and very volatile
security environment after the sudden outbreaks of armed conflicts between different government
factions as witnessed in December 2013 and July 2016.The long years of conflict have resulted into
displacements and weak livelihoods. Coupled with the conflicts of July 2016, the state is indirectly
affected as there is increase in the prices of food and non-food items (NFIs) and negative coping
mechanisms such as indiscriminate charcoal burning and high way robberies. The region is hence best
targeted by projects that are oriented towards recovery and resilience on both people and the
environment.. Raja county is unique here as it borders Central African Republic and the turbulent Darfur
Region of Sudan. With Population of about 75,892, there are 21,890 returnees. Livelihoods are based on
crop agriculture (55% Raja), Fishery (45% Raja) and Livestock production (19% Raja)

How did you impact natural resource use and greenhouse gas emissions?

Positive impacts realized; •Rejuvenated and intensified crop production under methodology Development of networks of mother to mother (M2M) support groups at community level, Used of Asset Based Community Development (ABCD), Pre-position of program supplies before onset of rains •Knowledge and skill dissemination through CLTS (Community Led Total Sanitation). Communities facilitated to conduct own appraisal and analysis of ODF (open defecation Free), Recruitment & training of CORPs as local extension agents, Training of health workers and volunteers on Infant and Young Child feeding (IYCF) •Cash Injections into the economies due to capacity building on vegetable gardening, setting up of tree nurseries and training on chicken/goat husbandry as climate smart agriculture (CSA), Procurement of project inputs at local levels •Recovery and integration efforts with local authorities Collaboration with Line Ministries to organize Farmer Field days, establish FFSs and demo farms,Close work with RRC and UN agencies to provide emergency assistance

Social/Community

There were reductions in the incidences of inter-communal conflicts. More Stakeholders also became cooperative. These were due to community dialogue sessions, appropriate entry strategy and awareness creation, signing of MoUs with stakeholders, Membership to the local NGOs forum.

Water

During rainy seasons some places used to be inaccessible. However, with more partnerships (UNOPS, UN HABITAT) rural access roads constructed improved accessibility, monitoring and even mutual coexistence among different ethnic groups. Through dewatering of flood lands, agricultural areas opened up as well as reduction on waterborne ailments

Food Security/Nutrition

Incorporation of agroforestry in the program provided beneficiaries with diversified food sources, food accessibility, utilization and production system stability. Besides, there has been resilience through positive coping mechanisms among HHs

Economic/Sustainable Development

Additional income from chicken and chicken products, sale of goats, cassava cuttings and vegetables produced .Moreover, state actors and structures are more willing and/or capable than before to assure continue of project activities .This resulted from strengthened beneficiaries and line ministry staff engagement as example and source of expertise to assure expansion of knowledge/experiences to other people beyond the duration of project. C

Climate

Prolonged adverse effects of climate changes have been partly mitigated as a result of contingency plans put in the program. Where cultivation of staple crop is not possible other IGA such as vegetable farming and local chicken were adopted /up scaled. C lose work with RRC and UN agencies also provided assistance to affected people. There was also close monitor with state ministries to counter adverse changes

Sustainability

Sustainable Development (SD) is way of development that endures in the long run and integrates the ecological
(Planet), economic (Profit) and social (People) dimensions. Through BMZ grant funding, the project has balanced
these three ‘P’s as depicted in Figure below.

Return on investment

Cost of Implementation: EUR 1,062,203.06 (982,669.72 donated in CASH and 79,533.33 donated in kind. This investment has posted net beneficial effects on other livelihoods.

Entrant Image

Mohammed Saleh Of Abulu Boma appreciate easy weed control in sesame when row planted

Entrant Banner Image

Cassava planting in bulking site to promote access to cuttings for propagation and IGA.
Replication and Scale

How could we successfully replicate this solution elsewhere?

To cope with and recover from stress or shocks and provide for future generations, replication can be achieved through: • Stakeholder mapping and analysis of more stakeholders • Environmental governance and regulation of resources through resource governance and legal provision • Encourage the role of the private sector/ business, including sustainable businesses, e.g. fair-trade business, FSC-certified (agro) forestry plantations, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and carbon credits. • Funding required: $ 25,000. The additional resources will both provide farmers with additional investment funds and motivate them to continue to seek credit and inputs and engage in output markets for tree seedlings. • Key Stakeholders: Community Environment Conservation Committees, Ministry of Forestry & Agriculture • Additional needs : Purchase of local seeds, Training farmers, nursery establishment
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